A Multi-Tier Orchestration Architecture for Regulated Cryptocurrency and Stablecoin Services within Large-Scale Payment Service Providers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63282/3117-5481/AIJCST-V8I4P101Keywords:
Digital Asset Platform, Cryptocurrency Services, Stablecoin Infrastructure, Payment Service Providers, Multi-Tier ArchitectureAbstract
Cryptocurrencies and regulated stablecoins will come with compliance, scalability, resilience, liquidity management, and interoperability, among other architectural challenges in the mainstream payment service provider (PSP) environment. Conventional payment systems are geared toward deterministic settlement and central control while the digital asset system is built using distributed network, partner, custody models, and changing regulatory frameworks. The purpose of this paper is to propose a multi-tier orchestration architecture that supports regulated cryptocurrency and stablecoin services in large-scale PSP environments, while keeping the vendors neutral. The architecture is based on 5 logical layers: client channels, experience and API services, transaction orchestration, digital asset core services and shared data infrastructure. An event-driven processing model allows to execute transactions on a scale, maintain regulatory traceability, and to integrate asynchronously with distributed services. It also features a standardized Outbound Connector Framework to connect custodians, market data vendors, compliance services, and tax platforms, alongside a Liquidity Pool Management architecture to enable treasury management, stablecoin conversion, settlement checks and constant reconciliation. It is important to note that the architectural analysis emphasizes regulatory compliance, operational resilience, flexibility, audibility and the ability to support the development of digital asset ecosystems. This model offers a good template for both PSPs and neobanks, and also for merchant platforms aiming to provide regulated digital asset services.
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